Technical writers translate complex technical information into simpler language. They shape and deliver information to meet the needs of a target audience.

Technical writers produce information for audiences ranging from novices to technical experts. In general, they:

• research subjects by analyzing reference materials (for example, specifications, blueprints, diagrams, maintenance manuals, reports, studies), consulting experts and using products themselves
• gather information about target audience needs and analyze how to structure and format information to meet those needs
• select appropriate technology and media to deliver technical information
• write content for on-line help files, reference materials, educational materials, procedural and policy manuals, user guides, proposals, technical reports and instructional materials that explain the installation, operation and maintenance of mechanical, electronic and other equipment (for example, oil industry equipment or computer applications)
• create auxiliary resources such as diagrams or interactive learning processes if required
• rewrite and edit drafts after they have been reviewed by technical experts for accuracy
• manage documentation projects including translation and localization if required.

Technical writers also may define terms, index or cross-reference information, or obtain copyright permissions to reprint material. They may work independently or as part of a team that includes scientists, engineers, computer specialists, management personnel, editors, other writers, illustrators or photographers.

Technical writers employed by medium-sized or large organizations generally work standard office hours. Sometimes, overtime is required to meet deadlines. Freelance writers can set their own hours but must be prepared to work long hours when required to complete projects on time. The pressure associated with having to meet deadlines can be stressful.

There are no standard education requirements for technical writers but they generally need:

• a good grasp of grammar and the ability to express ideas clearly in writing
• knowledge of technology (ranging from basic to expert depending on the project)
• research, interviewing and analytical skills
• editing and proofreading skills.

Employers generally prefer to hire technical writers who have related post-secondary education or experience, and can supply samples of their work. Practical writing and design layout experience gained through part-time or entry level positions with corporate communications departments, publishing companies, newspapers or magazines is an asset.

Post-secondary institutions throughout Alberta offer communications-related courses as part of certificate, diploma and degree programs offered full-time, part-time and by distance education. The following institutions offer programs specifically related to technical writing:

• Grant MacEwan College in Edmonton offers a four year Bachelor of Applied Communications in Professional Writing degree program with a specialization in technical communication. The entrance requirement is a high school diploma with an average of at least 65 per cent in English Language Arts 30-1 and four other courses chosen from specified eligible courses. 
• Mount Royal College in Calgary offers a Technical Writing certificate program through Continuing Education.
• the University of Alberta in Edmonton offers a Master of Arts Communications and Technology degree program. The entrance requirement is a suitable Bachelor's degree with a minimum grade point average of 3.0/4 and three years of professional work experience.

For current information about programs, admission requirements and mature student admission policies, please check post-secondary calendars or websites.

Continuing education programs may be offered on an as needed basis.

Technical writers must keep their skills and knowledge up to date through professional development activities such as taking continuing education courses, attending workshops and conferences, reading and communicating with others in their field.

Technical writers may be employed full-time, part-time or on a contract basis by public organizations or businesses such as:

• software development companies, Internet design firms and multimedia content providers  
• educational institutions and training companies
• publishers
• corporate communications and human resource departments
• manufacturing firms
• construction companies and safety organizations
• research laboratories
• oil and gas companies
• military contractors
• government departments
• pharmaceutical companies.

Experienced technical writers may advance to supervisory or management positions. Those who have the required knowledge and skills may move into a related occupation such as instructional design assistant, editor, graphic designer, videographer, translator, interactive media programmer, or private trainer or facilitator.

Technical writers are part of the larger National Occupational Classification 5121: Authors and Writers. In Alberta, 76 per cent of people employed in this classification work in the following industries:

• Information, Culture and Recreation
• Professional, Scientific and Technical Services.

The employment outlook in this occupation will be influenced by a wide variety of factors including:

• trends and events affecting overall employment (especially in the industries listed above)
• location in Alberta
• employment turnover (work opportunities generated by people leaving existing positions)
• occupational growth (work opportunities resulting from the creation of new positions that never existed before)
• size of the occupation.

Employment turnover is expected to increase as members of the baby boom generation retire over the next ten years.

According to a 2007 salary survey conducted by the Alberta Chapter of the Society of Technical Communication, the average income of Alberta technical writers who have two to six years of experience was about $58,200 a year. The average annual income reported in Alberta was about $63,500 a year.

According to the 2009 Alberta Wage and Salary Survey, Albertans in the Authors and Writers group earned from $22.96 to $40.53 an hour. The average wage was $32.37 an hour.

For more detailed information, see WAGEinfo.

Post-secondary institution calendars and websites (see Educational Requirements above)

EDinfo website: www.alis.alberta.ca/edinfo

Society for Technical Communication (STC), Alberta Chapter website: www.stc-alberta.org