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Astrophysicist, Physical Scientist, Research Scientist
In Canada, the federal government groups and organizes occupations based on a National Occupational Classification (NOC) system. This alis occupation may not reflect the entire NOC group it is part of. Data for the NOC group can apply across multiple occupations.
The NOC system is updated every 5 years to reflect changes in the labour market. Government forms and labour market data may group and refer to an occupation differently, depending on the system used. Here is how this occupation has been classified over time:
| Starting | $37.53 |
|---|---|
| Overall | $58.96 |
| Top | $73.85 |
Interest in synthesizing information to design observational surveys and to conduct detailed analyses, observational studies and theoretical research
Interest in precision working to develop, or participate in the development of, instruments and software for astronomical observation and analyses
Interest in supervising technologists and technicians; and in preparing scientific papers and reports
The interest code helps you figure out if you’d like to work in a particular occupation.
It’s based on the Canadian Work Preference Inventory (CWPI), which measures 5 occupational interests: Directive, Innovative, Methodical, Objective and Social.
Each set of 3 interest codes is listed in order of importance.
A code in capital letters means it’s a strong fit for the occupation.
A code in all lowercase letters means the fit is weaker.
Theoretical astronomers use mathematics and physics to formulate explanations for the observed properties of the universe and objects in it, and make predictions by solving mathematical equations or using sophisticated computer simulations. Predictions are tested through further observation.
Experimental astronomers design and build exquisitely sensitive instrumentation that enables the detection of electromagnetic and particle radiation (for example neutrinos) at wavelengths from radio to gamma rays. Laboratories of experimental astrophysics use equipment and techniques used in other physics-related disciplines. For example, the next generation of far-infrared detectors are based on superconductivity and require instrumentation commonly found in a low temperature physics laboratory.
Observational astronomers use a variety of ground-based and space-borne telescopes and scientific instruments to observe astronomical objects and obtain data on them. Basic properties such as composition, mass, size, brightness, motion and distance may be measured to test hypotheses about the nature of the universe and the matter in it.
Some astronomers are based at major observatories and research institutions where, in addition to their own research activities, they are involved in the planning and implementation of new instruments and techniques. They also help other astronomers use instruments operated by their institutions. In addition to academic research skills, astronomers in this area need to be experts in aspects of observatory and instrument engineering and computer techniques.
All aspects of modern astronomy are highly technical involving the use of state-of-the-art telescopes and detectors, and computers for instrument control, data gathering and subsequent processing and analysis.
Most astronomers connected with universities have teaching responsibilities and are expected to produce original research work for publication in scientific journals.
Astronomers work in a variety of settings. Observational work may require unconventional hours and a considerable amount of travelling. Sometimes astronomers work at high altitudes in remote areas where weather conditions can be extreme.
Astronomers need to possess:
They should enjoy synthesizing information and finding innovative solutions to problems, using sophisticated instruments and equipment to perform tasks requiring precision, and supervising the work of others.
A 4-year bachelor of science (B.Sc.) degree in astronomy, astrophysics or physics is the minimum qualification to work in technical positions in observatories, planetaria and science centres. Knowledge of chemistry and biology can be helpful in many areas of modern astronomy.
A master of science (M.Sc.) degree is required for most research assistant positions. A doctoral (PhD) degree is needed for university teaching and most federal government research positions. Most astronomers who have doctoral degrees work as post-doctoral fellows before finding permanent employment.
The following schools offer programs and courses that meet this occupation’s educational requirements. Other eligible programs and courses may be available.
The following schools offer programs or courses that are related to this occupation but are not required to enter the field.
For a broad list of programs and courses that may be related to this occupation try searching using keywords.
There is currently no provincial legislation regulating this occupation in Alberta.
Astronomers may work in:
Industries employing astronomers include aerospace, communications, computer and other high-tech fields.
Like many disciplines, competition is keen for faculty positions. However, opportunities exist for 2- to 3-year post-doctoral positions at universities and research institutions around the world.
Astronomers are part of the larger 2011 National Occupational Classification 2111: Physicists and Astronomers. In Alberta, 80% of people employed in this classification work in the following industries:
The employment outlook (PDF) in this occupation will be influenced by a wide variety of factors including:
Note: University professors are classified in a different occupational group.
Employment turnover is expected to increase as members of the baby boom generation retire over the next few years.
Salaries vary widely depending on the requirements of the position and the qualifications of the individual.
If working in a university setting, the starting salary for assistant professors range between $75,000 and $100,000. Senior full professors can earn more than $160,000 a year (2011 estimate).
| Wages* | Low (5th percentile) | High (95th percentile) | Average | Median |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Starting | $24.56 | $58.49 | $37.53 | $36.25 |
| Overall | $28.72 | $73.76 | $58.96 | $64.30 |
| Top | $30.90 | $92.48 | $73.85 | $92.48 |
Swipe left and right to view all data. Scroll left and right to view all data.
* All wage estimates are hourly except where otherwise indicated. Wages and salaries do not include overtime hours, tips, benefits, profit shares, bonuses (unrelated to production) and other forms of compensation.
Good Reliability, represents a CV of between 6.01% and 15.00% and/or fewer than 30 survey observations and/or if survey observations represent less than 50% of all estimated employment for the occupation.
| Health Care & Social Assistance | $125,237 |
|---|---|
| ALL INDUSTRIES | $110,382 |
| Public Administration | $100,351 |
Canadian Astronomical Society website: casca.ca
Canadian Space Agency website: www.asc-csa.gc.ca
National Research Council (NRC) Canada, Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics website: www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca
Royal Astronomical Society of Canada website: www.rasc.ca
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Updated Feb 20, 2017. The information contained in this profile is current as of the dates shown. Salary, employment outlook, and educational program information may change without notice. It is advised that you confirm this information before making any career decisions.