Astronomer

In Canada, the federal government groups and organizes occupations based on a National Occupational Classification (NOC) system. This alis occupation may not reflect the entire NOC group it is part of. Data for the NOC group can apply across multiple occupations.

The NOC system is updated every 5 years to reflect changes in the labour market. Government forms and labour market data may group and refer to an occupation differently, depending on the system used. Here is how this occupation has been classified over time:

• 2006 NOC: Astronomers (2111.2) 
• 2006 NOC-S: Physicists and Astronomers (C011) 
• 2011 NOC: Physicists and astronomers (2111) 
• 2016 NOC: Physicists and astronomers (2111) 

Theoretical astronomers use mathematics and physics to formulate explanations for the observed properties of the universe and objects in it, and make predictions by solving mathematical equations or using sophisticated computer simulations. Predictions are tested through further observation.

Experimental astronomers design and build exquisitely sensitive instrumentation that enables the detection of electromagnetic and particle radiation (for example neutrinos) at wavelengths from radio to gamma rays. Laboratories of experimental astrophysics use equipment and techniques used in other physics-related disciplines. For example, the next generation of far-infrared detectors are based on superconductivity and require instrumentation commonly found in a low temperature physics laboratory.

Observational astronomers use a variety of ground-based and space-borne telescopes and scientific instruments to observe astronomical objects and obtain data on them. Basic properties such as composition, mass, size, brightness, motion and distance may be measured to test hypotheses about the nature of the universe and the matter in it.

Some astronomers are based at major observatories and research institutions where, in addition to their own research activities, they are involved in the planning and implementation of new instruments and techniques. They also help other astronomers use instruments operated by their institutions. In addition to academic research skills, astronomers in this area need to be experts in aspects of observatory and instrument engineering and computer techniques.

All aspects of modern astronomy are highly technical involving the use of state-of-the-art telescopes and detectors, and computers for instrument control, data gathering and subsequent processing and analysis.

Most astronomers connected with universities have teaching responsibilities and are expected to produce original research work for publication in scientific journals.

Astronomers work in a variety of settings. Observational work may require unconventional hours and a considerable amount of travelling. Sometimes astronomers work at high altitudes in remote areas where weather conditions can be extreme.

Astronomers need to possess:

• imagination and a capacity for reflection and contemplative study
• patience
• curiosity
• an aptitude for physics and mathematics
• the ability to pay close attention to detail
• the ability to work with others as members of a team
• public speaking, writing and computer skills.

They should enjoy synthesizing information and finding innovative solutions to problems, using sophisticated instruments and equipment to perform tasks requiring precision, and supervising the work of others.

Astronomers may work in:

• post-secondary schools
• government agencies and observatories
• planetaria and science centres
• the space sector.

Industries employing astronomers include aerospace, communications, computer and other high-tech fields.

Like many disciplines, competition is keen for faculty positions. However, opportunities exist for 2- to 3-year post-doctoral positions at universities and research institutions around the world.

Astronomers are part of the larger 2011 National Occupational Classification 2111: Physicists and Astronomers. In Alberta, 80% of people employed in this classification work in the following industries:

• Professional, Scientific and Technical Services (PDF)
• Educational Services(PDF)
• Health Care and Social Assistance (PDF)

The employment outlook (PDF) in this occupation will be influenced by a wide variety of factors including:

• trends and events affecting overall employment (especially in the industries listed above)
• location in Alberta
• employment turnover (work opportunities generated by people leaving existing positions)
• occupational growth (work opportunities resulting from the creation of new positions)
• size of the occupation.

Note: University professors are classified in a different occupational group.

Employment turnover is expected to increase as members of the baby boom generation retire over the next few years.

Canadian Astronomical Society website: casca.ca

Canadian Space Agency website: www.asc-csa.gc.ca

National Research Council (NRC) Canada, Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics website: www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca

Royal Astronomical Society of Canada website: www.rasc.ca

For more information on career planning, education and jobs call the Alberta Supports Contact Centre toll-free at 1-877-644-9992 or 780-644-9992 in Edmonton, or visit an Alberta Supports Centre near you.