Pharmacists help patients at local community pharmacies, hospitals, or related health facilities. They also apply their knowledge in:
- Health research
- Industrial settings
- Post-secondary schools
- Health regulatory, advocacy, and other professional organizations
- Pharmacy administration
- Health policy development
Pharmacists in community and hospital settings:
- Determine, monitor, and manage drug therapy independently and in collaboration with other health care professionals
- Promote and maintain health and wellness, and provide disease state management and medication management care plans
- Integrate aspects of patients’ history, physical findings, and monitoring studies to draw up a therapeutic plan
- Counsel patients regarding the safe and appropriate use of drugs, and the importance of adhering to drug therapy instructions
- Give patients, caregivers, and other health care providers advice on selecting and using drug and non-drug products
- Compound, prepare, and dispense drugs
- Provide non-prescription drugs, health care aides, and devices
- Supervise and manage drug distribution systems to maintain public safety and drug system security
- Conduct or collaborate in drug-related research
- Conduct or administer drug and other health-related programs such as structured medication reviews
- Participate in health promotion, prevention, and public health activities such as immunizations
- Provide advice regarding disease management and prevention through home visits, medication and disease information, and natural medicine consultations
- Advise patients through clinics, including anticoagulant management clinics, osteoporosis screening, and travel medicine clinics
- Advise patients through consultation on issues including asthma, diabetes, smoking cessation, heart health, depression, pain management, weight loss, and nutrition
- Prescribe new therapies or extend current therapies
- Adapt prescriptions regarding dose and dosage form to meet individual needs
- Assist patients in improving adherence to medications
- Assess and independently prescribe medications to manage chronic medical conditions toward a target treatment level
In Alberta, licensed pharmacists collaborate with other health care professionals. Their participation may involve prescribing drugs or blood products or giving injections.
Pharmacists in community settings also:
- Sell prescription and non-prescription drugs, surgical supplies, home health care aides, herbal products, vitamins and nutraceuticals, and other related products
- Perform drug distribution logistics, accounting, marketing, or human resource functions
- Conduct medication reviews and work collaboratively with other health care professionals to achieve patient care goals
Pharmacists in hospital settings can also build a practice in fields such as oncology, cardiology, psychiatry, infectious disease, critical care, intensive care, internal medicine, pediatrics, or geriatrics. In addition, they:
- Work on interdisciplinary teams to provide patient care
- Give presentations to colleagues, health care professionals, and community groups
Pharmacists in industrial and educational settings may:
- Conduct pharmacy practice research and develop drug products
- Work in the production, marketing, quality control, or sales departments of pharmaceutical firms
- Educate other health care providers about appropriate drug use
- Take part in advocacy, policy development, association management, or government relations