Occupational hygienists work to prevent illness, disease, and injury from arising in the workplace. They anticipate, recognize, evaluate, control, and re-evaluate workplace hazards. They may check work environments and processes for health and safety hazards related to:
- Chemical hazards, such as dust, gases, and vapours
- Physical hazards, such as heat, cold, noise, and radiation
- Biological hazards, such as viruses, bacteria, and molds
- Ergonomic hazards, such as repetitive motion, static postures, and awkward postures
Specific duties and responsibilities vary a great deal from one job to another. In general, occupational hygienists observe processes, procedures, and operating conditions inside and outside worksites to identify and evaluate hazards. They also:
- Develop strategies to determine the degree of risk in the worksite
- Collect and analyze samples or data to assess worker exposure to physical, chemical, biological, and ergonomic risks
- Assess work stressors such as safety, pace of work, and social environment as contributing factors to workplace risks
- Use direct reading instruments, sampling techniques, and other methods to measure levels of hazardous agents
- Determine exposure to levels of agents and compare them to regulatory standards, guidelines, and criteria for accepted occupational exposure
- Assess the effectiveness of control strategies that protect against workplace exposures and hazards, such as personal protective equipment (PPE) and ventilation systems
- Interpret the results of exposure evaluations and determine risk to human health based on scientific research
- Work in multidisciplinary teams to design and implement control measures alongside HSE professionals, occupational health nurses, engineers, leadership, and front-line workers
- Report and document investigations, audits, and conclusions
- Recommend ways to control workplace hazards through engineering methods, improved work procedures, and protective equipment
- Work with occupational health and safety committees
Occupational hygienists also may design, implement, and manage health and safety programs. They may advise managers and employees about regulations, standards, legal compliance, risk assessment, and risk reduction. They may also:
- Teach safe work procedures and provide training on how to identify, avoid, and control workplace hazards
- Prepare and review product safety and health data
- Interpret the results of exposure surveys to assess risk and determine requirements for remedial action
- Review product and process design to minimize risk of injury or illness
- Work on environmental programs and issues associated with business activities
- Participate in emergency response planning by providing information about health hazards, protective equipment, and work procedures to help protect emergency response personnel and the public
- Investigate suspected work-related health and safety problems
- Develop and implement standards for health and safety management systems
- Testify at hearings, such as Workers’ Compensation Board hearings, civil proceedings, and environmental pollution hearings
- Report important findings at scientific conferences or in scientific journals