Data Miner

In Canada, the federal government groups and organizes occupations based on a National Occupational Classification (NOC) system. This alis occupation may not reflect the entire NOC group it is part of. Data for the NOC group can apply across multiple occupations.

The NOC system is updated every 5 years to reflect changes in the labour market. Government forms and labour market data may group and refer to an occupation differently, depending on the system used.

This occupation has not yet received an official NOC code. However, it is considered similar to the following historical NOC codes. CAUTION—As this occupation is only similar to these NOC codes, related details and labour market information may not be accurate:

• 2006 NOC: Database Administrators (2172.2) 
• 2006 NOC-S: Database Analysts and Data Administrators (C072) 
• 2011 NOC: Database analysts and data administrators (2172) 
• 2016 NOC: Database analysts and data administrators (2172) 

Data mining combines statistics, artificial intelligence (AI), and database research. Data scientists focus on identifying predictors of relevant or predetermined outcomes.

There are three stages in data mining:

• Initial exploration (for example, generate a summary and description of the key variables and values)
• Model building or pattern identification
• Model testing (for example, applying the model to new data to generate predictions)

In general, data scientists clean the data, which involves removing data that may have errors or contradict other data in the pattern. They also:

• Select relevant subsets of records to reduce the amount of data to explore
• Identify the most relevant variables
• Determine the complexity and nature of models required
• Use techniques such as bagging (averaging), stacking, bootstrapping and meta-learning
• Apply different models (for example, association mining, classification mining, cluster mining, neural networks, Bayesian networks or support vector machines) to the same data
• Compare model results to select a preferred model
• Apply the selected model to new data to find patterns and clusters or test and generate predictions or estimates of expected outcomes

Some data scientists may use prescriptive analytics (building different prediction models based on various potential decision actions) to guide decision makers to a desired outcome.

Data scientists work in offices with sophisticated information technology. They work standard weekday office hours but may also be required to work overtime to meet project deadlines.

Data scientists often work on several different projects at the same time. They generally work in a team environment but may work alone.

Data scientists need:

• An aptitude for and interest in mathematics, statistics, artificial intelligence, and databases
• An interest in applying scientific principles to solve practical problems
• The ability to analyze information and understand abstract relationships
• The ability to think logically, organize projects, and carry them out
• The ability to work alone as well as with others
• The ability to communicate with individuals from different technical backgrounds
• Attention to detail

Data scientists should enjoy synthesizing data, applying statistical theories and methods, and working with others to understand and solve problems.

Emerging occupations typically are the result of:

• An increased human need (for example, alternate sources of energy)
• Technological advances
• Specialization within an occupation

Often there are too few people working in an emerging occupation to gather survey information. Therefore it can be difficult to define advancement opportunities or employment outlook. Some Albertans already are working in this emerging occupation, but future demand for data scientists is unknown.

Data scientists work for a variety of employers including:

• Medical and educational research agencies
• Natural resource companies
• Environmental research companies
• Market research companies
• Pharmaceutical companies
• Large retail companies
• Post-secondary schools

Most jobs are located in major urban areas. However, remote work from home or a different worksite is becoming more common.

Outstanding individuals who have graduate degrees and many years of experience may move into management positions or become private consultants.

The employment outlook [pdf] in this occupation will be influenced by a wide variety of factors including:

• Trends and events affecting overall employment
• Location in Alberta
• Employment turnover (when people leave existing positions)
• Occupational growth (when new positions are created)
• Size of the occupation

In Alberta, the C072: Database Analysts and Data Administrators occupational group is expected to have a below-average annual growth of 1.5% from 2016 to 2020. In addition to job openings created by employment turnover, 41 new positions are forecasted to be created within this occupational group each year.