Occupational health nurses (OHNs) are registered nurses with additional specialized education in providing occupational health services. These services include occupational health, safety, environment, and wellness. An OHN’s primary role is to coordinate the delivery of comprehensive, equitable, and quality occupational health services for workers and worker groups. While specific roles and responsibilities may differ within organizations, the focus is to support and promote worker and workplace health and safety.
Occupational health nursing is an incredibly diverse specialty practice. As such, duties and responsibilities vary widely from one position to another. In general, OHNs:
- Respond, identify, and treat work-related and non-work-related injuries and illnesses
- Manage health surveillance screening programs, such as audiometric testing and pulmonary function testing, according to provincial occupational health and safety legislation
- Oversee and may conduct ergonomic assessments, blood pressure screening, biological testing, medical monitoring, and immunizations
- Collect and analyze data, such as on noise levels and air monitoring, using hygiene equipment
- Facilitate and conduct fitness-for-work assessments
- Administer job-related immunizations such as tetanus and hepatitis B
- Procure worksite medical equipment and supplies
- Conduct communicable disease exposure investigations and follow-up
- Provide onsite emergency care in the workplace, and arrange for further care if needed
- Provide health counselling and referrals to health-care professionals such as doctors, psychologists, and physiotherapists
- Work with others in the company to plan, introduce, and assess employee wellness programs, such as immunization programs, safety training, fitness programs, and the day-to-day operations of onsite clinics
- Supervise other staff, such as casual nurses and advanced and basic first aiders
- Promote corporate compliance with provincial occupational health and safety laws and Workers’ Compensation requirements, as well as health privacy laws and record retention rules
- Conduct disability case management by coordinating health care and early intervention to promote the safe and timely return to work of ill or injured employees
- Identify health and safety hazards in the work setting, and implement controls where appropriate, or work with an occupational health and safety team to keep work environments healthy and safe
- Collect and analyze data, such as records of illness and injury, to assess the effectiveness of workplace safety programs or build business cases to develop new programs
- Prepare incident reports and keep records
- Create employee health records and keep them confidential
- Design and lead health, safety, and wellness training programs
- Prepare and manage a budget for health and safety
- Operate medical and health / safety surveillance equipment
- Use research findings to suggest and draft health and safety policies
OHNs may be involved with planning work-related health fairs. They may work with agencies that support newcomers and their families. Some OHNs perform administrative duties regarding health benefits including working with third-party insurers.